用Perl管理Linux操作系统的配置文件

# assume that /cvsroot is your repository's home
> setenv CVSROOT /cvsroot
# this will use $CVSROOT if no -d option is specified
> cvs init
# check that it worked
> ls /cvsroot
# you should see one directory called CVSROOT
CVSROOT

# user tzz, machine home.com, directory /cvsroot is the CVSROOT
> setenv CVSROOT tzz@home.com:/cvsroot
# use SSH as the transport
> setenv CVS_RSH ssh
# use a temporary directory for the module creation
> cd /tmp
> mkdir config
> cd config

# tzz is the "vendor name" and initial is the "release tag", they can
# be anything; the -m flag tells CVS not to ask us for a message

# if this fails due to SSH problems, see the Resources
> cvs import -m '' config tzz initial
No conflicts created by this import
# now let's do a test checkout
> cd ~
> rm -rf /tmp/config
> cvs co config
cvs checkout: Updating config
# check everything is correct
> ls config
CVS

> cd ~/config
> echo "cvs -z3" > cvsrc
> echo "update -P -d" >> cvsrc
> cvs add cvsrc
# you really don't need log messages here
> cvs commit -m ''
> ln -s ~/config/cvsrc ~/.cvsrc

> cd ~
# set the following two for remote access
> setenv CVSROOT ...
> setenv CVS_RSH ...
# now check out "config" -- this will get all the files
> cvs checkout config
> cd ~/config
> ln -s ~/config/cvsrc ~/.cvsrc

> cd ~/config
> echo "checkout -P" > cvsrc
> cvs commit -m ''

> cd ~/config
> cvs update

#!/usr/local/bin/perl -w

# {{{ modules and constants
use strict;
use AppConfig qw/:expand :argcount/;
# }}}

$| = 1;				# autoflush the output

my $config = AppConfig->new();
$config->define(
 'HELP'     =>
 { ARGCOUNT => ARGCOUNT_NONE, DEFAULT => 0, ALIAS => 'H'},
# update level, higher checks out more
 'LEVEL'    =>
 { ARGCOUNT => ARGCOUNT_ONE,  DEFAULT => 5 },
 'CONFFILE' =>
 { ARGCOUNT => ARGCOUNT_ONE,  ALIAS => 'F',
   DEFAULT => glob("~/config/maintain.conf") },
 'CVS'      =>
 { ARGCOUNT => ARGCOUNT_ONE,  DEFAULT => 'cvs' },
 'CVS_RSH'  =>
 { ARGCOUNT => ARGCOUNT_ONE,  DEFAULT => 'ssh' },
 'UPDATE'   =>
 { ARGCOUNT => ARGCOUNT_HASH },
 'DRYRUN'   =>
 { ARGCOUNT => ARGCOUNT_NONE, DEFAULT => 0, ALIAS => 'N' },
 'COMMIT'   =>
 { ARGCOUNT => ARGCOUNT_NONE, DEFAULT => 0, ALIAS => 'C' },
);

$config->args();
if (-r $config->CONFFILE() && -f $config->CONFFILE())
{
 $config->file($config->CONFFILE());
}
else
{
 print "The file " . $config->CONFFILE() .
       " was not readable, skipping\n";
}

if ($config->HELP())
{
 print <<EOHIPPUS;

$0

Run $0 without any arguments to load
@{[$config->CONFFILE()]}
and update everything in it at level
@{[$config->LEVEL()]} or less.

Switches:
 -level (default @{[$config->LEVEL()]}) :
   check out everything at this level or less

 -help (-h) : print this help

 -conffile (-f, default @{[$config->CONFFILE()]}) :
   load this configuration

 -cvs (default @{[$config->CVS()]}) :
   where to find the cvs program

 -cvs_rsh (default @{[$config->CVS_RSH()]}) :
   sets the CVS_RSH environment variable

 -update : populate the UPDATE hash in the configuration
           file or like this:
           -update /home/tzz/           see below for explanation

 -commit (-c) : don't just update, also do a commit of
                anything changed

 -dryrun (-n) : don't run anything, just test directories
                and levels

Configuration file:

Very simple AppConfig format; everything in the switches can be
specified in the configuration file as well, e.g.

COMMIT = 1
UPDATE /home/tzz/config = 0

The example above says that /home/tzz/config will be updated at level
0 or higher, and that you always want to commit when you run this
program.

EOHIPPUS

 exit 0;

}

$ENV{CVS_RSH} = $config->CVS_RSH();