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目录
请假流程描述
流程定义之processdefinition.xml
流程定义之webinterface.xml
流程定义之动态委托类
后记
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
流程定义包源码下载(注：par包就是zip格式压缩包)。原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/LuBen/archive/2007/08/11/852010.html（转载请保留）
请假流程描述
流程图：
假设：公司有两级领导，一级为主管(Chief),一级为老板（Boss）,我们这里只是一个模拟，当然现实生活中情况比这个更加复杂;-)
描述：
在某公司中，部门员工休假需要主管（Chief）的批准。
如果休假天数大于10天，则 在部门主管同意后，还必须老板（Boss）批准。
如果是部门主管请假则直接提交老板批准。
在休假被批准之前，申请人可以撤销休假申请。
申请批准后，对休假天数进行修改（也可以是其他业务数据处理）。 每次休假申请结束之后，不管通过未通过或是否取消，都必须记录下来。
流程结束时，系统要把请假的结果信息Email给申请人。
对于大于10天的申请，如果部门主管已批准同意而上级主管还未批准，这时申请人撤销申请后，系统应发Email通知部门主管申请已撤销。
流程定义之processdefinition.xml
processdefinition.xml
1<?xml version="1.0"?>
2<!-- NOTE：在定义流程时，建议先画出流程图，然后再来定义，这样思维清晰，也不易于出错
3 关于processdefiniton.xml如何定义，请严格按照nPdl规定 -->
4<process-definition>
5
6 <!-- =================================== -->
7 <!-- == PROCESS DEFINITION PROPERTIES == -->
8 <!-- =================================== -->
9 <name>请假DEMO</name>
10 <description>该流程模拟公司的请假流程, Made By LuBen</description>
11 <responsible>ae</responsible>
12
13 <!-- ====================== -->
14 <!-- == START & ENDSTATE == -->
15 <!-- ====================== -->
16 <start-state name="start leave request">
17 <description>提交请假单</description>
18 <!-- 定义了role，引擎在该start-state节点执行时，就会把执行者信息赋值给角色对应的属性“requester” -->
19 <role>requester</role>
20 <!-- 在这里定义start-state的field，它表示该filed相关联的属性，并且在该state，它对属性的访问权利。
21 如果需要定义其在web表单上的操作界面，如何进行web表单显示等，需要在webinterface.xml文件对应节点补充该field -->
22 <field attribute="start date" access="write-only-required" />
23 <field attribute="end date" access="write-only-required" />
24 <field attribute="leave days" access="write-only-required" />
25 <field attribute="comment" access="write-only" />
26 <transition to="Is Cancel Fork" />
27 </start-state>
28
29 <!-- 结束节点除名称外不要定义其他-->
30 <end-state name="end" />
31
32
33 <!-- ====================== -->
34 <!-- == Actions == -->
35 <!-- ====================== -->
36 <!-- 解释：这里定义process-definition节点的action，有效的事件类型为：process-instance-start, process-instance-end and process-instance-cancel -->
37
38 <!-- 此处具体为：在流程结束的时候, 发送E－Mail消息给申请者，记录请假日志 -->
39 <action event="process-instance-end"
40 handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.EmailAction, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" on-exception="log">
41 <!--定义action参数，供委托类实例化类调用方法时获取使用。如这里的EmailAction的run方法发送邮件，需要知道发给谁，邮件标题等等，那么
42 参数可以提供辅助-->
43 <parameter name="to">previousActor</parameter>
44 <parameter name="subject">您提交了请假申请</parameter>
45 <parameter name="message">you requested a holiday from ${start date} to ${end date} with comment ${comment}</parameter>
46 </action>
47 <!-- 此处具体为：在流程结束的时候记录请假日志, 此处Log模拟 注意：每个节点可以定义多个action -->
48 <action event="process-instance-end"
49 handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.LogLeaveInfoAction, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" on-exception="log">
50 <parameter name="LogInfo">记录请假日志? :) </parameter>
51 </action>
52
53 <!-- ================ -->
54 <!-- == ATTRIBUTES == -->
55 <!-- ================ -->
56 <!-- 解释：定义属性值及其序列化方式。属性值一般包括3类 -->
57 <!-- one:角色对应的属性 -->
58 <attribute name="requester" type="actor" />
59 <attribute name="chief" type="actor" />
60 <attribute name="boss" type="actor" />
61
62 <!-- two:所有acitivity-state(包括start-state)处需要更新的属性，和用户表单内容对应 -->
63 <attribute name="start date" type="date" />
64 <attribute name="end date" type="date" />
65 <attribute name="leave days" type="integer" />
66 <attribute name="comment" type="text" initial-value="请假理由或者备注" />
67 <attribute name="Chief evaluation result" type="evaluation" />
68 <attribute name="Boss evaluation result" type="evaluation" />
69
70 <!-- three:标识属性，该属性不会在web界面上体现，主来用来存储流程标识信息，供后面的逻辑处理使用 -->
71 <!-- 该属性不会在界面上呈现, 在具体流程路径中被设置以决定Decide Which Action如何走 -->
72 <attribute name="RunTrace" type="text" />
73 <!-- 该属性不会在界面上呈现, 该属性被用来设置流程结束将要发送给用户的邮件信息(邮件标题, 如果需要邮件内容可扩展) -->
74 <attribute name="ToUserEmailSubject" type="text" />
75
76 <!-- =========== -->
77 <!-- == NODES == -->
78 <!-- =========== -->
79 <!-- 定义流程包含的所有节点 -->
80
81 <!-- 定义decision节点， 从decision可以流出多条边（transition），这些边可以目的地相同，也可以不同。
82 如下面，虽然decision分出了3条供选择的边，但是边的目的地都是end节点，只是边的名称不同 -->
83 <decision name="Decide Which Action"
84 handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.WhichWayDecision, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence">
85 <parameter name="attribute">RunTrace</parameter>
86 <transition name="approve" to="end">
87 <action event="transition" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.AutoSetAttributesAction, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" on-exception="log">
88 <parameter name="attribute">ToUserEmailSubject</parameter>
89 <parameter name="setValue">您的请假申请已经被批准 holiday from ${start date} to ${end date} with comment ${comment}</parameter>
90 </action>
91 </transition>
92
93 <transition name="disapprove" to="end" >
94 <action event="transition" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.AutoSetAttributesAction, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" on-exception="log">
95 <parameter name="attribute">ToUserEmailSubject</parameter>
96 <parameter name="setValue">您的请假申请没有获得批准, holiday from ${start date} to ${end date} with comment ${comment}</parameter>
97 </action>
98 </transition>
99
100 <transition name="requestercancel" to="end">
101 <action event="transition" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.AutoSetAttributesAction, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" on-exception="log">
102 <parameter name="attribute">ToUserEmailSubject</parameter>
103 <parameter name="setValue">您取消了请假申请, holiday from ${start date} to ${end date} with comment ${comment}</parameter>
104 </action>
105 <!-- 请假人取消请假的时, 如果主管已经审批了, 则需要发邮件通知他 -->
106 <action event="transition" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.EmailChiefAction, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" on-exception="log">
107 <!--- action的参数只能有3个, 切记切记, 调试的时候搞晕了-->
108 <parameter name="to">role(chief)</parameter>
109 <!--<parameter name="cancelMan">previousActor</parameter> -->
110 <parameter name="subject">请假申请被取消啦</parameter>
111 <parameter name="message"> requested a holiday from ${start date} to ${end date} with comment ${comment}</parameter>
112 </action>
113 </transition>
114 </decision>
115
116
117 <!-- ====================== -->
118 <!-- == CONCURRENT BLOCK == -->
119 <!-- ====================== -->
120 <!-- 解释：定义并发块，concurrent-block一定包括一个fork，一个join，且边不可越出其界。concurrent-block是可以嵌套的 -->
121 <concurrent-block>
122 <!-- 定义fork，若没有定义forkhandler，那么其在fork flow时将按照默认行为执行 -->
123 <fork name="Is Cancel Fork">
124 <transition name="CancelLeaveRequest" to="Request Cancel" />
125 <transition name="evaluation" to="IsChiefDecision" />
126 </fork>
127
128 <!-- 定义join，此处定义了joinhandler，则当有forked flow到达join时，将根据该委托判断是否要激活父flow，
129 若没有定义joinhandler，那么将按照默认行为（AndJoin委托类，也就是所有forked flow都汇聚到达Join才激活父flow）执行 -->
130 <join name="join before decided" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.AnyOneJoin, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence">
131 <transition to="Decide Which Action" />
132 </join>
133
134 <activity-state name="Request Cancel">
135 <description>在请假申请被最终审批前, 您可以在这里取消申请.</description>
136 <role>requester</role>
137 <!-- fields are optional. they limit the access to attributes in an activity -->
138 <field attribute="start date" access="read-only" />
139 <field attribute="end date" access="read-only" />
140
141 <!--eg。请假理由备注先不被看到
142 <field attribute="leave days" access="read-only" />
143 <field attribute="comment" access="read-only" />
144 -->
145 <action event="perform-of-activity" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.AutoSetAttributesAction, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" on-exception="log">
146 <parameter name="attribute">RunTrace</parameter>
147 <parameter name="setValue">requestercancel</parameter>
148 </action>
149 <transition to="join before decided" />
150 </activity-state>
151
152 <decision name="IsChiefDecision" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.IsInRoleDecision, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence">
153 <parameter name="checkrole">chief</parameter>
154 <transition name="isChief" to="BossApprove" />
155 <transition name="isNotChief" to="ChiefApprove" />
156 </decision>
157
158 <activity-state name="ChiefApprove">
159 <description>您需要在这里对该请假单进行审批</description>
160 <assignment handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.AssignmentExpressionResolver, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence">
161 <parameter name="expression" >role(requester)->group(hierarchy)->role(chief)</parameter>
162 </assignment>
163 <role>chief</role>
164 <field attribute="requester" access="read-only" />
165 <field attribute="start date" access="read-only" />
166 <field attribute="end date" access="read-only" />
167 <field attribute="Chief evaluation result" access="write-only" />
168 <action event="perform-of-activity" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.EvluationResultAction, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" on-exception="log">
169 <parameter name="attribute">RunTrace</parameter>
170 <parameter name="setValueAttribute">Chief evaluation result</parameter>
171 </action>
172 <transition to="IsMoreTenDays" />
173 </activity-state>
174
175 <activity-state name="BossApprove">
176 <description>您需要在这里对该请假单进行审批</description>
177 <assignment handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.AssignmentExpressionResolver, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence">
178 <parameter name="expression" >role(requester)->group(hierarchy)->role(boss)</parameter>
179 </assignment>
180 <role>boss</role>
181 <field attribute="requester" access="read-only" />
182 <field attribute="chief" access="read-only" />
183 <field attribute="start date" access="read-only" />
184 <field attribute="end date" access="read-only" />
185 <!-- 理论上Boss不需要看到主管是否同意,因为不同意就不会到他这里来
186 <field attribute="leave days" access="read-only" />
187 <field attribute="Chief evaluation result" access="read-only" />
188 -->
189 <field attribute="Boss evaluation result" access="write-only" />
190 <action event="perform-of-activity" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.EvluationResultAction, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" on-exception="log">
191 <parameter name="attribute">RunTrace</parameter>
192 <parameter name="setValueAttribute">Boss evaluation result</parameter>
193 </action>
194 <transition to="join before decided" />
195 </activity-state>
196
197 <decision name="IsMoreTenDays" handler="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.IsMoreOrLessDecision, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence">
198 <parameter name="attribute">leave days</parameter>
199 <parameter name="dividingDays">10</parameter>
200 <!--考虑扩展,形成对数值比较类的通用 <parameter name="datatype">float</parameter>
201 <parameter name="compareType">More</parameter> -->
202 <transition name="IsMore" to="BossApprove" />
203 <transition name="IsnotMore" to="join before decided" />
204 </decision>
205
206 </concurrent-block>
207
208</process-definition>
209
流程定义之webinterface.xml
webinterface.xml
1<?xml version="1.0"?>
2
3<!-- 关于webinterface.xml如何定义，请严格按照nPdl规定
4 只有需要人操作的节点, 也就是activity-state(包括StartState), 在该文件中才在需要进行定义，指定如何显示web表单等 -->
5<web-interface>
6
7 <!-- ==================== -->
8 <!-- == PROCESS IMAGE == -->
9 <!-- ==================== -->
10 <!-- 定义该流程的流程图片 -->
11 <image name="web/leavedemo.gif" mime-type="image/gif" width="510" height="560" />
12
13 <!-- ================ -->
14 <!-- == ACTIVITIES == -->
15 <!-- ================ -->
16 <activity-state name="start leave request">
17 <!--定义该节点在流程图中的坐标-->
18 <image-coordinates>
19 <x1>285</x1>
20 <y1>54</y1>
21 <x2>307</x2>
22 <y2>76</y2>
23 </image-coordinates>
24 <!--逐个定义该节点fields的web显示方式，htmlformatter是委托类，可以充分利用其委托类的特性-->
25 <field attribute="start date">
26 <name>开始时间</name>
27 <description>在此处填写您想要在何时开始请假</description>
28 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.DateInput, NetBpm" >
29 <parameter name="dateFormat">dd/MM/yyyy</parameter>
30 </htmlformatter>
31 </field>
32 <field attribute="end date">
33 <name>结束时间</name>
34 <description>在此处填写您想要在何时结束请假</description>
35 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.DateInput, NetBpm" >
36 <parameter name="dateFormat">dd/MM/yyyy</parameter>
37 </htmlformatter>
38 </field>
39 <field attribute="leave days">
40 <name>请假天数(单位:天)</name>
41 <description>在此处填写您请假的天数(以后改进为系统自动计算)</description>
42 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.TextIntergerInput, NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence" >
43 </htmlformatter>
44 </field>
45 <field attribute="comment">
46 <name>请假理由</name>
47 <description>在此处填写您请假的理由或者其他需要说明的信息</description>
48 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.TextAreaInput, NetBpm">
49 <parameter name="rows">5</parameter>
50 <parameter name="cols">20</parameter>
51 </htmlformatter>
52 </field>
53 </activity-state>
54
55 <activity-state name="Request Cancel">
56 <image-coordinates>
57 <x1>287</x1>
58 <y1>146</y1>
59 <x2>420</x2>
60 <y2>178</y2>
61 </image-coordinates>
62 <field attribute="start date">
63 <name>开始时间</name>
64 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.DateLabel, NetBpm" >
65 <parameter name="dateFormat">dd/MM/yyyy</parameter>
66 </htmlformatter>
67 </field>
68 <field attribute="end date">
69 <name>结束时间</name>
70 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.DateLabel, NetBpm" >
71 <parameter name="dateFormat">dd/MM/yyyy</parameter>
72 </htmlformatter>
73 </field>
74
75 </activity-state>
76
77 <activity-state name="ChiefApprove">
78 <image-coordinates>
79 <x1>173</x1>
80 <y1>220</y1>
81 <x2>295</x2>
82 <y2>253</y2>
83 </image-coordinates>
84 <field attribute="requester">
85 <name>申请人</name>
86 <description>提交请假申请的员工</description>
87 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.PersonLabel, NetBpm" />
88 </field>
89 <field attribute="start date">
90 <name>开始时间</name>
91 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.DateLabel, NetBpm" >
92 <parameter name="dateFormat">dd/MM/yyyy</parameter>
93 </htmlformatter>
94 </field>
95 <field attribute="end date">
96 <name>结束时间</name>
97 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.DateLabel, NetBpm" >
98 <parameter name="dateFormat">dd/MM/yyyy</parameter>
99 </htmlformatter>
100 </field>
101 <field attribute="Chief evaluation result">
102 <name>主管审批意见</name>
103 <description>请审批该员工的请假单</description>
104 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.EvaluationInput" />
105 </field>
106 </activity-state>
107
108 <activity-state name="BossApprove">
109 <image-coordinates>
110 <x1>101</x1>
111 <y1>356</y1>
112 <x2>218</x2>
113 <y2>390</y2>
114 </image-coordinates>
115 <field attribute="requester">
116 <name>申请人</name>
117 <description>提交请假申请的员工</description>
118 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.PersonLabel, NetBpm" />
119 </field>
120 <field attribute="chief">
121 <name>主管审批</name>
122 <description>同意该员工请假的主管领导</description>
123 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.PersonLabel, NetBpm" />
124 </field>
125 <field attribute="start date">
126 <name>开始时间</name>
127 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.DateLabel, NetBpm" >
128 <parameter name="dateFormat">dd/MM/yyyy</parameter>
129 </htmlformatter>
130 </field>
131 <field attribute="end date">
132 <name>结束时间</name>
133 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.DateLabel, NetBpm" >
134 <parameter name="dateFormat">dd/MM/yyyy</parameter>
135 </htmlformatter>
136 </field>
137 <field attribute="Boss evaluation result">
138 <name>老板审批意见</name>
139 <description>该员工请假天数大于10天, 请您审批该员工的请假单</description>
140 <htmlformatter class="NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl.Htmlformatter.EvaluationInput" />
141 </field>
142 </activity-state>
143</web-interface>
144
流程定义之动态委托类
委托类包含在lib文件夹下的程序集中。因为委托类数目众多，这里仅贴出几个典型的委托类：
1. NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.AutoSetAttributionsAction:该委托类设计为一个通用委托类，这里用来设置表识属性，如流程经过用户取消请假路径，则把RunTrace属性设置为requestercancel，供WhichWayDicision作判断用。 AutoSetAttributesAction
1using System;
2using System.Collections;
3using log4net;
4using NetBpm.Workflow.Organisation;
5using NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation;
6using NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation.Impl;
7
8namespace NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence
9{
10 /**//// <summary>
11 /// 通用Action类, 改类用来设置属性, 把值(action参数setValue)设置给属性(action参数attribute)
12 /// by Luben
13 /// </summary>
14 public class AutoSetAttributesAction : IActionHandler
15 {
16 private static readonly ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(AutoSetAttributesAction));
17 private static readonly AttributeExpressionResolver _attributeExpressionResolver;
18
19 static AutoSetAttributesAction()
20 {
21 _attributeExpressionResolver = AttributeExpressionResolver.Instance;
22 }
23
24 public void Run(IActionContext actionContext)
25 {
26 IDictionary configuration = actionContext.GetConfiguration();
27
28 String setAttributeName = (String)configuration["attribute"];
29 String setValue = (String)configuration["setValue"];
30 setValue = _attributeExpressionResolver.ResolveAttributeExpression(setValue, actionContext);
31
32 actionContext.SetAttribute(setAttributeName, setValue);
33 log.Info("设置属性" + setAttributeName + "的值为:" + setValue);
34 }
35 }
36}
37
38
39
2. NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.AnyOneJoin: 该委托主要用来设置激活父flow机制，这里是只要任何一条路径到达了join，则激活父flow，流程往下流。 AnyOneJoin
1using log4net;
2using NetBpm.Workflow.Execution.Impl;
3using System.Collections;
4using NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation;
5using Nullables;
6
7namespace NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence
8{
9 /**//// <summary>
10 /// 只要任何一个Subflow到达了该Join, 就激活Parent flow
11 /// by Luben
12 /// </summary>
13 public class AnyOneJoin : IJoinHandler
14 {
15 private static readonly ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(AnyOneJoin));
16
17 public bool Join(IJoinContext joinContext)
18 {
19 bool reactivateParent = true;
20
21 log.Debug("flow " + joinContext.GetFlow().Name + " is joining : " + reactivateParent);
22
23 // 取消其他并行的flow。这里存在一个同步问题，如果此时在flow的执行者正在performacitivity，那么要考虑flow的锁定
24 IEnumerator iter = joinContext.GetOtherActiveConcurrentFlows().GetEnumerator();
25 while (iter.MoveNext())
26 {
27 FlowImpl concurrentFlow = (FlowImpl)iter.Current;
28 concurrentFlow.ActorId = null;
29 concurrentFlow.EndNullable = System.DateTime.Now;
30 }
31
32 return reactivateParent;
33 }
34 }
35}
36
3. NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence.WhichWayDecision:该委托根据流程实际流过路径，根据标识属性RunTrace等进行走哪条边的抉择，如注释。
WhichWayDecision
1using System;
2using NetBpm.Workflow.Delegation;
3
4
5namespace NetBpm.Example.LeaveOfAbsence
6{
7 /**//// <summary>
8 /// 根据流程走的路径,
9 /// 1)“主管或者老板批准”－‘approve’：修改员工休假的总天数，设定发给用户E-Mail的信息。
10 /// 2)“主管或者老板否决”-“disapprove”：设定发给用户E－Mail的信息。
11 /// 3)“撤销”-"cancel"－设定发给用户E－Mail的信息。如果主管批准，要发给主管消息说明已经撤销。
12 /// 判断走哪一条路
13 /// by LuBen
14 /// </summary>
15 public class WhichWayDecision : IDecisionHandler
16 {
17 public String Decide(IDecisionContext decisionContext)
18 {
19 // 默认为apprvoe
20 String transitionName = "approve";
21
22 // runtrace是表示属性，在前面的流过的路径action中被设置
23 String runtrace = (String)decisionContext.GetAttribute("RunTrace");
24
25 if (runtrace.IndexOf("disapprove") != -1)
26 {
27 transitionName = "disapprove";
28 }
29 else if (runtrace.Equals("requestercancel"))
30 {
31 transitionName = "requestercancel";
32 }
33 return transitionName;
34 }
35 }
36}
37
38
后记
本文仅仅是一个示例，给大家提供一个运用nPdl定义NetBPM流程的参考，如果要把该流程投入现实中使用显然还需要做一些优化。
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